Jan Klabunde
Friedrich Jansen und Ferdinand Diekmann
The following article examines two CVs during the time of National Socialism in Meldorf One is the fate of the wine merchant Frederick Jansen ( 5.9. 1883-15.5.1945 ) , the politically active was active and was one of the respected citizens of the town , the other is the the Mayor Ferdinand Diekmann , who early joined the Nazi party and was winner of the Golden Party badge . On 11 May 1945 two days after the first British troops had reached Meldorf and three days after the unconditional surrender of the German Empire , tried a delegation, which also Jansen was to move the Meldorfer ürgermeister to resign. The brief conversation ended tragically .
Friedrich Jansen
Friedrich Jansen was at 5.9. Born 1883 in clutter at Lunden ( Fig. 1 and 2). Through his work as a winemaker , he had acquired the ability to EADERSHIP a wine and spirits business. In 1909 he bought the wine shop of Waldemar Oldenburg on Meldorfer Südermarkt . The first July 1909 was the founding date of the " wine wholesaler (and later distillation) Friedrich Jansen " . Thanks to his expertise and his business prudence , the customer base grew by over Dithmar addition eiderstedt , Rendsburg and Steinburg - and with it the respect for Jansen and his family. So Jansen was in Meldorf a respected citizen and merchant. Community structure Friedrich Jansen has not been active in the Weimar Republic. Anyway, he has appeared at the city council and county council elections from 1919 to 1933 either as a candidate or as a supporter of a party. The main committee of the city council (ie unanimously ) elected him after the elections in 1929 by acclamation to the Board of Meldorfer City Savings Bank . The Board shall at that time belonged to two representatives of the civil list " economy" , one representative each from the list of " officials / employees ' and retirees of the next two federal civil members in an advisory capacity . The SPD (Social Democratic Party of Germany ) was not represented. After the elections of 12 3.1933 , the NSDAP ( National Socialist Party of Germany ) with 50.9 % of the vote , eight out of twelve mandates brought in ( three accounted for on the list of " Black -White-Red " from DNVP ( German National People's Party ) and steel helmet , one on the SPD, which this mandate is no longer accepted ) , Jansen was not re-elected , but appointed to the board again by the then mayor Schmedtje . However, he had in 1934 to take an oath to Adolf Hitler and 1935 make a declaration of lodges memberships. After this statement, he was from 1910 to 1930 the lodge Ditmarsia to the degree of a Master. However, a member of the Nazi party , he was not .
In 1938, a deceased member of the board of the City Savings Bank , a successor was sought appointed mayor Schmedtje contrary to the proposal of the Association of Savings Banks on 30.6. 1938 brickyard owner George Herwig . Herwig was "Age Party member " ( party member of the NSDAP since 1 3 1929) and Hauptsturmführer (according to the military rank of captain ) of the NSKK ( National Socialist Motor Corps ) Motor Storm 2/M15 . Seven days later, sees Jansen " unfortunately forced" to abandon its Management Board, and explains Mayor Schmedtje his resignation.
On 16 8 1938 Jansen is punished for alleged " continued tax evasion " by the tax office Meldorf by "submission negotiation " with 15,000 Reichsmark fine and publication of this Urteiles at his expense. From the files of the connection between the calling Herwig , Jansen's resignation and his punishment is not apparent. Also, the state come the punishment is not documented. Two of his sons , Ernst and Hans Jansen had learned the trades of cooper and distiller and already gained professional experience in Schwerin and Hamburg, so that they with joined the company in 1939.
Ferdinand Diekmann
1938 ended the term of office of the mayor Schmedtje , and on 28 11 1938 was introduced as a successor Ferdinand Diekmann in his office . The book printer , Ferdinand Diekmann ( born on 8.2. Wesselburenerkoog 1897 ) had been decorated as a World War II participants and winner of the Golden Party Badge of the NSDAP ( Accession Date 11 6 1926 38 044 number ) . His career took him from the Nationalist DNVP ( German National People's Party ) in 1919 over the Völkisch - social - block - a gathering point for nationalist and anti-Semitic groups and the steel helmet to the NSDAP . Diekmann Albers lived in the village , one of the oldest and strongest centers " of the NSDAP, and was there known as" special agitator " . This Diekmann had quite a good reputation in the bourgeois camp . He ran in 1925 on the bourgeois majority List " economy in distress " for the Süderdithmarscher council , albeit in a hopeless place list . In 1929 he was chairman of the Federal Albersdorfer craft and ran in the municipal elections in Albers village on the civil unit list , which led to violent clashes in the NSDAP , which are received as " case Grantz " in the story . To the Albersdorfer veterinarian and Brigadeührer (corresponding to the rank of major general ) of the SA ( Sturmabteilung ) Dr. Emil Grantz was gathering a intra-party opposition, which split the NSDAP in Dithmar and led to the exit of many members . This resistance , directed particularly against Gauleiter Hinrich Lohse could be broken only in autumn 1930. Diekmann proved to be absolutely loyal follower Lohse , whom he supported in this dispute . This should earn him after the coming to power of the National Socialists in 1933, not only party , but also state agencies . Since 1934 he was a local leader in Albers village and district training manager in Süderdithmarschen . " Diekmann is one of the best training manager " it said in a judgment of Gauausbildungsleiters . He also played a leading role in the Dithmarsch SA, in which he (equivalent to 1942 , the rank of colonel ) the rank of SA -Standartenführer Fuhrer received . In 1933 he became head of the Office Kirchspielslandgemeinde community Albers village and district committee member , from 1938, a full-time mayor of Meldorf and from 1939 provisional district leader of the NSDAP. This office he held until March 1945. 1942 Gauleiter Lohse struck him before even the War Merit Cross Second Class: " The party member Diekmann , Mayor of Meldorf leads since the war began also in an exemplary way the circle Süderdithmarschen . His work is due , essentially, that all brought to the party questions could be solved in an exemplary manner and without difficulty "In the eye-witness reports from Meldorf and Süderdithmarschen he appears as a convinced National Socialist , but quite contradictory. :
" Ferdinand was in his office determined no criminal and no one, including the non- Nazis , would have given him an evil act , and certainly not a crime considered capable . " ( Meldorfer family friend MH 10 5 1955) "He was politically for his intolerance of . known dissidents " (Hans Hornung , in: Dithmarsch Rundschau / DR 8 5 1985) " He is of old Meldorfern who knew him , described as very unpopular , sharp ' Nazi mayor ' , .. . Mayor Diekmann was a so-called , two hundred per cent Nazi ' who wanted with all his might assemble a werewolf troops a few days before the arrival of the English. " ( Otto hull , in: DR 11 5.1985 ) " The' war mayor ' , soldiers' wives and widows comforter during the war years ... The small, large Hitler ' with the name of Ferdinand Diekmann, before his political career in Meldorf a Albersdorfer bust man " ( letter to the editor : DR 10 5 1985) ." I was a witness when my ( now deceased ) father slapped on the open road was because he had not greeted the swastika flag and [ witness ] as Dieckmann, foreign workers ' for no reason with the briefcase hit on the head " ( letter to the editor , in: DR 5 10 1985).
The "Meldorfer Hausfreund On 10.5.1955" wrote :
" On 11 May , 17 clock , so the gathered willed to work for the reconstruction , a dozen men in the house of the wine merchant Frederick Jansen to discuss how the new city administration had to get going ... Therefore gathered at the wine merchant Jansen Meldorfer citizens Made a decision to send a delegation to Diekmann mayor and ask him politely to resign from his post ... The congregation then selected Messrs. Frederick Jansen , Max Nommensen and Friedrich Schröder, who went to City Hall to Ferdinand Diekmann with this order. " This presentation is Hans Hornung in his article (DR 8 5 1985) , however, speaks of a" citizens' delegation " . Then logs Heinrich Baumann , former publisher of " Meldorfer house friend " in a letter to the editor (DR 18 5 1985) to speak and writes that Jansen had invited six anti-Nazi to be Jansen was itself " Contra - Nazi" was, and that the delegation alongside Jansen and Schroeder only he himself belongs. This seems unlikely, because none of the other parties mentioned him as a participant of the delegation. 1992 writes Detlef Siegfried in his book "Between Unity Party and brother fight ' " ausührlich the Meldorfer events : "In the county town of two circles of workers and the middle class had around the time of surrender taken to prevent a futile defense and by the deposition mayor wanted to take a restructuring in the way . In addition to the formed in the last weeks of the war , Jansen'schen block ' from SPD and KPD members of a group had to be liberal hotelier William Hartnack to the collection of the civil sector shortly after the arrival of the British ... After the occupation of the city took place on 11 May by 17 clock about a dozen men from both camps in the Social Frederick Jansen together to discuss the future staffing of the administrative heads . "Therein it Detlef Korte (DR 2.5. 1995) follow that the Assembly " and SPD and Party members ' looks , and Holger Piening ( DLZ 6 5 1995) , the reports of many former SPD and KPD members. He reiterated this later in ausührlicheren representations . But from the files of an investigation of the prosecution Itzehoe , will be discussed later on the leaves , close that the participants came from all political camps .
To emphasize more of the parties at the time that they have been understood as the new city Meldorfer representation . Besides Frederick Jansen, Friedrich Schröder ( KPD ), Dr. Ernst Nagel and Max Nommensen (later FDP , Free Democratic Party ) are still the merchant Ernst Reddig (later CDU , Christian Democratic Union) , the innkeeper Friedrich Osnabrügge (SPD ) and Paul Kock ( DNVP to 1933 , later also CDU) mentioned by name , so only two representatives of SPD and KPD. According to the article in the " North German echo " it should have been a total of four representatives of the workers . Therefore leaves the interpretation of " Jansen'schen block " as a worker representative nor confirm how the presumption Jansen was a Social Democrat. In the Weimar Republic, he was not sure , he is described by those involved in the investigation as apolitical and his relatives appreciate him more conservative. Is noteworthy, however , that communists were invited to this meeting , but it was probably already become known in Meldorf that the KPD had a connection to the British troops made ??. My representation of the action is mainly based on the previously mentioned investigation of the prosecution Itzehoe of 1955. After Frederick Jansen declared himself ready to go to city hall and talk to Diekmann , as they were known to each other and to name basis . He was accompanied by Schroeder , Nommensen and Reddig .
The delegation went to the town hall. The first attempt fizzled . Mayor Diekmann was not in his office . So the men went to Diekmann private apartment . Also - there they could not find the wanted . Therefore, they decided to try again at City Hall. Now they had more success. They met Diekmann in the garden behind the town hall in front of the shelter. Jansen started the negotiations . According to the documents , he said something like: "You Ferdinand , you have even a moment ? " Another participant remembered the Low German speech: " . Ferdinand how much moles of di snacken " The mayor took the time , so that Jansen was able to go back " . Listen Ferdinand , you know yourself how the situation is and we are instructed to pray that you lay down your mayoral " the called party should have "You rascal , you traitor! " called then he pulled out a gun and held Jansen with two to three shots down in the abdomen and the thigh . The three other members of the delegation fled and informed the terrified companions in Jansen's apartment. From the caretaker armed officials of the City Guard , which was also housed in the Town Hall , were called in to help . Wachührer Henry Kammrath , since 1940 in Meldorf and old SPD member , immediately grabbed his carbine and ran into the garden. There, he found not only the dying Jansen, yet with his last strength tried to carry off , but also the mayor , who immediately opened fire on him. The shot missed the head of the Wachührers , which then , in turn, opened fire and killed Diekmann with a head shot just . Meldorfer 22 leading Nazis were arrested immediately and then a few days later 600 British soldiers quartered in Meldorf . Frederick Jansen succumbed to his injuries on 15 Meldorfer hospital in May 1945 . About the future course of events reported an entry from the Meldorfer church history. It says that Mayor Diekmann " sung and unsung as a dog is buried " . A large mourners were against the last victims of fascism in Meldorf 19 May last respects. Hans Jansen is leads the " wine merchant Frederick Jansen " continued until 1978 . In its place now stands the new building of the local cooperative bank.
Other party after 1945
belonged to the first Meldorfer town council until 1947. He represented the SPD in the main, consumers and small garden committee . Here he was responsible for the gardens, which had been set up on the Auhof the former NSDAP district leader Matthiessen . After the elections in 1947 , when the CDU 8, 6 SPD and the FDP received 3 mandates , he was elected to the board of Meldorfer City Savings Bank . A post he held until December 1948. In May 1945, Dr. Nagel was used by the British as mayor. Paul Kock was from November 1948 to April 1950 honorary mayor . Friedrich Schröder 1946 District Chairman of the Communist Party in Süderdithmarschen . The former NSKK Hauptsturmührer George Herwig 1955 was re-elected to the board of Meldorfer City Savings Bank . Friedrich Baumann , who was present according to own data already on 16.06.1928 at the founding meeting of the NSDAP , as they " intended to print a newspaper project " with him (MH 23 6, 1964 ) , founded in 1949 his " friend Meldorfer house " in which he first published in Meldorf on 10.5.1955 the history of the town hall Meldorfer murder. Five days after this article went to the prosecutor Itzehoe an anonymous letter, which was signed " Mehrerer [ error in original] Southshore residents Dithmarschens " . Herein represent the author - not clumsily wrapped in questions - what is happening on the head. After their presentation to Diekmann must have felt threatened because the delegation went to see him off duty and with the participation of the Communists Schroeder. Diekmann had fired in self-defense and was shot by Kammrath , although this did not have to kill him. Thus the impression that Diekmann was killed intentionally or even by a conspiracy. The " several residents Southshore Dithmarschens " then refer to the crimes of the Nazis : " After 1945, countless individuals have been sentenced to long prison terms for smaller fights ( crimes against humanity ) . " Then they ask if the judiciary now after ten years as far as independent is that in this case, " once an investigation " would be launched . This anonymous request, the prosecutor Itzehoe command , the " thing to determine Diekmann disadvantages " will be opened on 22.05.1955 . However, to proceedings against Heinrich Kamrnrath it did not . The prosecutor came to survey the various witnesses clearly to the conclusion that comb council had acted in self-defense , and thus laid the operation on the file. The idea to initiate an investigation against the anonymous letter writer , but the lawyers did not come.
The Diekmann Controversy
The National Socialist perspective on the events at the Town Hall Meldorfer 2006 will once again clear by the book " War crimes of the victorious Allied powers" of Pit Pietersen . "Pit Pietersen was on 22 Born March 1936 in the Otto- Streibel Street in Albersdorf / Holstein , near the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal , "it says in his self-portrait. About Diekmann , he writes: " Diekmann was a great personality , a personal friend of Adolf Hitler , influential in the Circle as well as in the local community politics ... 1939 Diekmann has been advised of sememe party friend Matthiesen to the chair of the Mayor of Meldorf . From 1941 he was appointed acting district leader of the NSDAP in Süderdithmarschen . After the invasion by the British on 10 May 1945 were grouped under the guidance of Wineseller Jansen former Social Democrats, Communists and other opposition . Diekmann was not willing to vacate his chair in the hall to make way for his successor, Dr. Ernst Nagel . He took refuge in the basement and was shot by director wax comb Rath . Later this incident as , Meldorfer Hall murder ' in the story should go.
Another injury
Another injury there was after the second publication of Hans Hornung in the " Dithmarsch Rundschau " from 08.05.1985 . In the meeting room of the parish community Albers country village a portrait of Ferdinand Diekmann, the term of office of his chief Heinrich Mumm bowlers had increased from a photo hanging out ( guts , "I was happy " ) . In April 1985, Gerhard Wiechmann had reported from Meldorf at the management office and noted that with this image a murderer be honored . Since he got no response from the administration, to Wiechmann Albersdorfer turned to the SPD , and the case became public . The Office of the Prosecutor received on demand the answer that Diekmann Jansen " was fatally injured for no good reason ." But the result of the investigation, leaving " no certain evidence duration recognize that Dieckmann has previously traded under the objective and subjective conditions for a murder ."
The Albersdorfer SPD attacked Wiechmann on demand to remove the portrait of Diekmann out of the room or at least to comment . However, this was strongly opposed by the CDU majority. The dispute dragged on for months and was always sharper. " There was this time even verbal abuse and insults uttered . Thus, the CDU Albersdorfer spoke in connection with their activities of her husband from Meldorf ' . Mr. Guenther said of the Albersdorfer FDP , he was pleased that the Office of the extortion of Meldorfer citizen had not yielded "reported the SPD representatives Heinz Evers in a letter. Even the mayor Manfred Trube found a Jew who should have protected them from Diekmann 1939 in Albers village. " The rumor is m. E. " brought by interested Albers villages in circulation , Gerhard Wiechmann recalls. The application of the SPD was finally rejected , since it is the pictures by majority opinion only a documentary , not a ceremony. The Portrait of Ferdinand Diekmann hung until 20 September 2009 uncommented in place. Albersdorfer the decision of the municipal council , Adolf Hitler honorary citizenship retroactively withdrawn , it was provided with a commentary , since Diekmann had once led this honorary citizenship .
The long battle to honor Frederick Jansen
Already in the first half of the 1980s, Reimer Jansen had complained to the city with a request to name a street in Meldorf by Friedrich Jansen in memory of his grandfather. Mayor Jacobsen was interested , but pointed out that the city reject renaming a street. When a vacancy on his proposal , however, would be considered if it fit into the " ensemble" of the street names of a new housing estate . Reimer Jansen asked about seven years later and submitted the proposal to the Town Hall Meldorfer to mount a plaque that documenting the fate of his grandfather. Mayor Thiessen replied that the Main Committee reject a board , but the road designation was further remembered. A recent inquiry in 2005 ührte finally to the fact that Reimer Jansen's suggestion of Mayor Rieger has been taken and to be named in the Meldorfer development area Delfen II a road to Frederick Jansen. On 8 August 2008 was transferred to the memory of Frederick Jansen on Meldorfer Südermarkt a stumbling block .